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Previous Year Question Paper

AI/AL/CD-401 (GS) – Introduction to Discrete Structure and Linear Algebra

June 2025AIMLSEMESTER-4
June 2025
Max Marks: 70
Duration: 3 Hours
Instructions:

Attempt any five questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

Q.1
a)

Define Venn diagram. Draw the Venn diagrams for each of these combinations of the sets A, B and C.

i) A ∩ (B - C)

ii) (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C)

b)

Explain Reflexive, symmetric, Transitive, equivalence relations with example.

Q.2
a)

Let A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24 } be ordered by divisibility. Draw Hasse diagram.

b)

Prove that G = {-1, 1, i, -i} is an abelian group under multiplication.

Q.3
a)

Find all the subgroups

i) (Z₁₂, +₁₂)

ii) (Z₇*, ×₇)

b)

Solve the recurrence relation aₙ = 2aₙ₋₁ + 3aₙ₋₂ for n ≥ 2 where a₀ = 2 and a₁ = 2.

Q.4
a)

Define compound proposition. Explain different operations on propositions with truth tables.

b)

Show that (P ∨ Q) ∧ (¬P ∧ (¬P ∧ Q)) ⇔ (¬P ∧ Q).

Q.5
a)

What is a Graph? Write about various ways of representing graphs.

b)

Using properties of determinants, prove that |a, b, c| |a-b, b-c, c-a| = a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc |b+c, c+a, a+b|

Q.6

Find Single Value Decomposition of A = [[1, -1], [-2, 2], [2, 2]]

Q.7
a)

Explain Type-I and Type-II errors.

b)

Three samples, each of size 5, were drawn from three uncorrelated normal populations with equal variances. Test the hypothesis that the population means are equal at 5% level. Sample 1 | 10 | 12 | 9 | 16 | 13 Sample 2 | 9 | 7 | 12 | 11 | 11 Sample 3 | 14 | 11 | 15 | 14 | 16

Q.8

Write short note on (any three) a) POSET b) Normal forms c) Gradient of a matrix d) Ring and fields.