Subject Syllabus
AL-502 - Database Management Systems
AIML · Semester 5
Course Modules
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IntroductionDatabase approach versus traditional file accessing approachAdvantages of database systemsData models, schemas, and instancesData independenceDatabase languages and interfacesOverall database structureFunctions of the DBA and designerER data model: entities and attributes, entity types, and defining the E-R diagramGeneralization, aggregation, and specializationTransforming an ER diagram into tablesObject-oriented, network, and relational data models, and comparison of the threeStorage structures: secondary storage devicesHashing and indexing structures: single-level and multilevel indices
Domains, tuples, attributes, and relationsCharacteristics of relationsKeys and key attributes of a relationRelational database and schemasIntegrity constraints and referential integrityIntension and extensionRelational query languages: SQL DDL and DMLIntegrity constraints, complex queries, joins, indexing, triggers, and assertionsRelational algebra and relational calculusRelational algebra operations: select, project, join, division, and outer unionTuple-oriented and domain-oriented relational calculus and their operations
Introduction to normalizationNormal forms: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNFFunctional dependencyDecompositionDependency preservation and lossless joinProblems with null values and dangling tuplesMultivalued dependenciesQuery optimization: introduction and steps of optimizationAlgorithms to implement select, project, and join operations of relational algebraOptimization methods: heuristic based and cost estimation based
Transaction systemTesting of serializabilitySerializability of schedulesConflict and view serializable schedulesRecoverabilityRecovery from transaction failuresLog-based recoveryCheckpoints and deadlock handlingConcurrency control and locking techniquesTimestamping protocols for concurrency controlValidation-based protocolMultiple granularityMultiversion schemesRecovery with concurrent transactionsIntroduction to distributed databases, data mining, and data warehousingObject technology and DBMSComparative study of OODBMS versus DBMSTemporal, deductive, multimedia, web, and mobile databases
Oracle, PostgreSQL, and MySQL: architecture, physical files, memory structures, and background processesData dictionary and dynamic performance viewsSecurity, role management, privilege management, profiles, and the invoker-defined security modelSQL queries, hierarchical queries, inline queries, and flashback queriesIntroduction to ANSI SQLCursor management: nested and parameterized cursorsStored procedures and usage of parameters in proceduresUser-defined functions and their limitationsTriggers, mutating errors, and instead-of triggers